Who owns the copyright of an article or a book?

If you have written your article or book yourself, or with co–authors, and you have not been commissioned to write the article by someone else (either by a government agency, your employer or any other party) you (and any co–authors) will hold the copyright in your article. If you have written the article in the capacity of your role at work or your contract of employment you may not hold copyright in your article,